{"id":6696,"date":"2019-12-26T08:07:21","date_gmt":"2019-12-26T08:07:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/?page_id=6696"},"modified":"2024-03-26T09:59:58","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T09:59:58","slug":"tim-hieu-ve-benh-lao","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/?page_id=6696&lang=vi","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh lao"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6696\" class=\"elementor elementor-6696 elementor-14\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cddf89e elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-items-top elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cddf89e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e5957a\" data-id=\"7e5957a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a5f497 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2a5f497\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-254ab49 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"254ab49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1951df9 text-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-tp-adv-text-block\" data-id=\"1951df9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tp-adv-text-block.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"pt-plus-text-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"text_block_parallax\"><div class=\"pt_plus_adv_text_block \" ><div class=\"text-content-block\"><p style=\"text-align: center\">B\u1ec7nh lao (TB) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i><\/strong>. Vi khu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eadn, c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u00e3o. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n lao \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, c\u00f3 hai t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m lao: nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao v\u00e0 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2589e11 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-items-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2589e11\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f30d63\" data-id=\"0f30d63\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e34d94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e34d94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-917b643 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"917b643\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e282eb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e282eb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ec7nh lao (TB) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i><\/strong>. Vi khu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eadn, c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u00e3o. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n lao \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, c\u00f3 hai t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m lao: nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao v\u00e0 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-33411c1 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-full_width elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"33411c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5aec2ba\" data-id=\"5aec2ba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b6caad elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b6caad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-035f7d4\" data-id=\"035f7d4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7dd0ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d7dd0ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/202001091139022714.jpg\" class=\"attachment-awsm_team size-awsm_team wp-image-5363\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77d2496 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"77d2496\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ec7nh lao lan truy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f775d07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f775d07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c ho, h\u1eaft h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea1c nh\u1ed5, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n vi khu\u1ea9n lao v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u00edt m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i gi\u1ecdt b\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian xung quanh nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh lao <span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>KH\u00d4NG<\/b><\/span> l\u00e2y qua:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>B\u1eaft tay<\/li>\n<li>Chia s\u1ebb th\u1ee9c \u0103n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f9ng chung kh\u0103n tr\u1ea3i gi\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed3n c\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<li>Chia s\u1ebb b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng<\/li>\n<li>H\u00f4n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n Lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Vi khu\u1ea9n lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sinh s\u00f4i hay g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n (LTBI) ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao. <\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao, vi khu\u1ea9n lao s\u1ebd \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh lao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 5-10% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao s\u1ebd sinh s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>B\u1ec7nh lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao sinh s\u00f4i, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh (t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u B\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e2y lan nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o). <\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tb\/topic\/basics\/tbinfectiondisease.htm\">b\u1ec7nh lao<\/a> kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111\u00e3 sinh s\u00f4i. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ho<\/li>\n<li>\u0110au t\u1ee9c ng\u1ef1c<\/li>\n<li>Ho ra m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eddm (\u0111\u1eddm t\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u00ean trong ph\u1ed5i)<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<li>S\u00fat c\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00e1n \u0103n<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh<\/li>\n<li>S\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n\/Nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>B\u1ec7nh lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, bao g\u1ed3m: ho k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, s\u1ed1t, \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i \u0111\u00eam, s\u1ee5t c\u00e2n, ch\u00e1n \u0103n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u1ed1m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 phim ch\u1ee5p X-quang ng\u1ef1c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm \u00e2m t\u00ednh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 X-quang ng\u1ef1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm ho\u1eb7c Xpert d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m TST d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m TST d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5m lao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>C\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh lao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e66c306 elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e66c306\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6dcc80a\" data-id=\"6dcc80a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-56984d4 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56984d4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fcba0d6\" data-id=\"fcba0d6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c0d357 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0c0d357\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c571fc0\" data-id=\"c571fc0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffaa4f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ffaa4f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ec7nh lao lan truy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3462ebd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3462ebd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c ho, h\u1eaft h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea1c nh\u1ed5, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n vi khu\u1ea9n lao v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u00edt m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i gi\u1ecdt b\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian xung quanh nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh lao <span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>KH\u00d4NG<\/b><\/span> l\u00e2y qua:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>B\u1eaft tay<\/li>\n<li>Chia s\u1ebb th\u1ee9c \u0103n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f9ng chung kh\u0103n tr\u1ea3i gi\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed3n c\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<li>Chia s\u1ebb b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng<\/li>\n<li>H\u00f4n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n Lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Vi khu\u1ea9n lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sinh s\u00f4i hay g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n (LTBI) ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao. <\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao, vi khu\u1ea9n lao s\u1ebd \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh lao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 5-10% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao s\u1ebd sinh s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>B\u1ec7nh lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao sinh s\u00f4i, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh (t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u B\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e2y lan nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o). <\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tb\/topic\/basics\/tbinfectiondisease.htm\">b\u1ec7nh lao<\/a> kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111\u00e3 sinh s\u00f4i. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ho<\/li>\n<li>\u0110au t\u1ee9c ng\u1ef1c<\/li>\n<li>Ho ra m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eddm (\u0111\u1eddm t\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u00ean trong ph\u1ed5i)<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<li>S\u00fat c\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00e1n \u0103n<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh<\/li>\n<li>S\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n\/Nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>B\u1ec7nh lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, bao g\u1ed3m: ho k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, s\u1ed1t, \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i \u0111\u00eam, s\u1ee5t c\u00e2n, ch\u00e1n \u0103n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u1ed1m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan vi khu\u1ea9n lao sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 phim ch\u1ee5p X-quang ng\u1ef1c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm \u00e2m t\u00ednh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 X-quang ng\u1ef1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm ho\u1eb7c Xpert d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m TST d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5m lao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m TST d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5m lao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>C\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>C\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh lao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f1a3318 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-full_width elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f1a3318\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-232a82b\" data-id=\"232a82b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f17b6e8 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f17b6e8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-904dcc2\" data-id=\"904dcc2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff8b6a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ff8b6a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"351\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/0077.jpg\" class=\"attachment-awsm_team size-awsm_team wp-image-5373\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-584f284 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"584f284\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04a83cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04a83cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nguy c\u01a1 cao m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 HIV<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n lao trong 2 n\u0103m qua<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh lao, c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac, k\u00edn nh\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 t\u00f9. <\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao, n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u200b\u200bki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a09201 elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a09201\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3246696\" data-id=\"3246696\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e983536 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e983536\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f3abf05\" data-id=\"f3abf05\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5484965 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5484965\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e55f43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e55f43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nguy c\u01a1 cao m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 HIV<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n lao trong 2 n\u0103m qua<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh lao, c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac, k\u00edn nh\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 t\u00f9. <\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao, n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u200b\u200bki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9e64ac\" data-id=\"f9e64ac\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b569e3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b569e3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-25ecfa1 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-full_width elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"25ecfa1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dfa9770\" data-id=\"dfa9770\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae66314 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ae66314\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-30cc942\" data-id=\"30cc942\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fdf2858 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fdf2858\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"351\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/9955.jpg\" class=\"attachment-awsm_team size-awsm_team wp-image-5377\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd79525 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd79525\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60ac3f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60ac3f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Mantoux v\u1edbi Tuberculin tr\u00ean da (Tuberculin Skin Test &#8211; TST)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Mantoux tr\u00ean da v\u1edbi tuberculin (TST) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hai l\u1ea7n th\u0103m kh\u00e1m. Trong l\u1ea7n th\u0103m kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lao ho\u1eb7c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t protein tinh khi\u1ebft [PPD]) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o da \u1edf ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh tay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n quay l\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng 48 \u0111\u1ebfn 72 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u00eam. N\u1ebfu tr\u00ean da xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00f4, c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0ng v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao. <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #f4d25b;\">X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n interferon gamma (IGRA)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng lao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u b\u1ec7nh lao, ho\u1eb7c IGRAS. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Quantiferon\u00aeTHER TB Gold Plus (QFT). X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eam v\u1eafc -xin BCG. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu m\u00e1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 thu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh lao. <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean da d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u ch\u1ec9 cho bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n lao hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao v\u00e0 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ed5 sung, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p X-quang ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao hay kh\u00f4ng. <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Soi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eddm<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u1ede nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, bao g\u1ed3m Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e0 soi lam k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n v\u1ecb m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eddm. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eddm d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi v\u00e0 xem c\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Xpert MTB\/RIF<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Xpert MTB\/RIF\u00ae l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb b\u1edfi T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ec7nh lao k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2010. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng rifampicin, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, trong v\u00f2ng 2 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-588210f elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"588210f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a7ac255\" data-id=\"a7ac255\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8b617c elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c8b617c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-75bfddb\" data-id=\"75bfddb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6bd0bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d6bd0bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b443be0\" data-id=\"b443be0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-773b39a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"773b39a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdc577d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bdc577d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Mantoux v\u1edbi Tuberculin tr\u00ean da (Tuberculin Skin Test &#8211; TST)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Mantoux tr\u00ean da v\u1edbi tuberculin (TST) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hai l\u1ea7n th\u0103m kh\u00e1m. Trong l\u1ea7n th\u0103m kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lao ho\u1eb7c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t protein tinh khi\u1ebft [PPD]) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o da \u1edf ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh tay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n quay l\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng 48 \u0111\u1ebfn 72 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u00eam. N\u1ebfu tr\u00ean da xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00f4, c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0ng v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao. <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #f4d25b;\">X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n interferon gamma (IGRA)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng lao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u b\u1ec7nh lao, hay IGRAS. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Quantiferon\u00aeTHER TB Gold Plus (QFT). X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eam v\u1eafc -xin BCG. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu m\u00e1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 g\u1eedi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 thu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh lao. <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean da d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u ch\u1ec9 cho bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n lao hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n lao v\u00e0 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ed5 sung, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p X-quang ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao hay kh\u00f4ng. <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Soi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eddm<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u1ede nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, bao g\u1ed3m Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e0 soi lam k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n v\u1ecb m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eddm. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eddm d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi v\u00e0 xem c\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Xpert MTB\/RIF<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Xpert MTB\/RIF\u00ae l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb b\u1edfi T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ec7nh lao k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2010. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng rifampicin, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, trong v\u00f2ng 2 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b8f447f elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-full_width elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b8f447f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-97facba\" data-id=\"97facba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d2d6fa4 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d2d6fa4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a9f6ff\" data-id=\"6a9f6ff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1a30fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a1a30fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"264\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/tb_regimen-1080x570-1080x570-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-awsm_team size-awsm_team wp-image-5365\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70426a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"70426a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e63e284 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e63e284\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng isoniazid (INH), rifapentine (RPT) ho\u1eb7c rifampin (RIF). C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y cao h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf n\u00ean k\u00ea c\u00e1c ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>WHO \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng isoniazid-rifapentine m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n trong 12 tu\u1ea7n (3HP) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Isoniazid (INH)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>9 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Rifampicin (RIF)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Isoniazid (INH) v\u00e0 Rifapentine (RPT) <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H\u1eb1ng tu\u1ea7n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>B\u1ec7nh lao<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao l\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ee7 li\u1ec1u theo \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea. N\u1ebfu d\u1eebng u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i (t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t). N\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 li\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c, vi khu\u1ea9n lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c trong hai th\u00e1ng (t\u00e1m tu\u1ea7n), v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec, v\u1edbi hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c trong b\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng (18 tu\u1ea7n).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng TB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Rifampin (R, RIF)<\/li>\n<li>Isoniazid (H, INH)<\/li>\n<li>Pyrazinamide (Z, PZA)<\/li>\n<li>Ethambutol (E, EMB)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n cho 56 li\u1ec1u (8 tu\u1ea7n)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Rifampin (R, RIF)<\/li>\n<li>Isoniazid (H, INH)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n cho 126 li\u1ec1u (18 tu\u1ea7n)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f4904de elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f4904de\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a956aa2\" data-id=\"a956aa2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b7a036 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b7a036\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-95975fb\" data-id=\"95975fb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d441af4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d441af4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16530e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16530e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng isoniazid (INH), rifapentine (RPT) ho\u1eb7c rifampin (RIF). C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y cao h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf n\u00ean k\u00ea c\u00e1c ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>WHO \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng isoniazid-rifapentine m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n trong 12 tu\u1ea7n (3HP) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p>Isoniazid (INH)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>9 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Rifampicin (RIF)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Isoniazid (INH) v\u00e0 Rifapentine (RPT) <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3 th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>H\u1eb1ng tu\u1ea7n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>B\u1ec7nh lao<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao l\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ee7 li\u1ec1u theo \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea. N\u1ebfu d\u1eebng u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i (t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t). N\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 li\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c, vi khu\u1ea9n lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c trong hai th\u00e1ng (t\u00e1m tu\u1ea7n), v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec, v\u1edbi hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c trong b\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng (18 tu\u1ea7n).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><b>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><b>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng TB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Rifampin (R, RIF)<\/li>\n<li>Isoniazid (H, INH)<\/li>\n<li>Pyrazinamide (Z, PZA)<\/li>\n<li>Ethambutol (E, EMB)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n cho 56 li\u1ec1u (8 tu\u1ea7n)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Rifampin (R, RIF)<\/li>\n<li>Isoniazid (H, INH)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n cho 126 li\u1ec1u (18 tu\u1ea7n)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9fb6fef\" data-id=\"9fb6fef\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c543066 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c543066\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2059963 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-full_width elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2059963\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1cbd8f0\" data-id=\"1cbd8f0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1785af5 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1785af5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-12a5630\" data-id=\"12a5630\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba8c26a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ba8c26a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"279\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/1495530221-virus.jpg\" class=\"attachment-awsm_team size-awsm_team wp-image-5367\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71a441b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"71a441b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e66f12d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e66f12d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c (DR-TB) l\u00e0 do vi khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide ho\u1eb7c ethambutol). Vi khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e2y lan (qua kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed).<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sai c\u00e1ch. Bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf k\u00ea thu\u1ed1c sai (Sai li\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c sai th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng)<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao (h\u1ebft thu\u1ed1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb)<\/li>\n<li>Thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng (MDR-TB) x\u1ea3y ra khi vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 isoniazid v\u00e0 rifampin, hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t. Lao si\u00eau kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c (XDR -TB) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, trong \u0111\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n lao c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 isoniazid v\u00e0 rifampin, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 fluoroquinolone (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eam (t\u1ee9c amikacin, kanamycin ho\u1eb7c capreomycin).<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp M. tuberculosis ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf ch\u0103m s\u00f3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh lao qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i ho\u1eb7c tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, bedaquiline v\u00e0 delamanid, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. WHO \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi n\u00e0y. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia, WHO \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh g\u00f3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecf li\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac\/nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Do vi khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi khu\u1ea9n lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e2y lan khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng (xem Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh lao). N\u00f3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, thay v\u00ec ch\u1edd h\u1ecd \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i theo ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng lao b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c (DST).<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh lao<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng (MDR-TB) v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba MDR-TB l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (<a href=\"http:\/\/sentinel-project.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Proceedings-on-delivery-of-preventive-therapy-in-DR-TB-contacts.pdf\">b\u00e1o c\u00e1o<\/a> t\u1eeb Trung t\u00e2m Y t\u1ebf Y khoa Harvard v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u-Dubai). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba MDR-TB kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.isrctn.com\/ISRCTN92634082\">TB-CHAMP<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03568383\">PHEONIx<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/anzctr.org.au\/Trial\/Registration\/TrialReview.aspx?id=369817\">V-QUIN<\/a>), , v\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a WHO v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-189ecfa elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"189ecfa\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bf28f4\" data-id=\"3bf28f4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-348e4d8 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"348e4d8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d500d4f\" data-id=\"d500d4f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-616e591 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"616e591\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0901816\" data-id=\"0901816\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d823e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2d823e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3dec1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d3dec1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c (DR-TB) l\u00e0 do vi khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide ho\u1eb7c ethambutol). Vi khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e2y lan (qua kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed).<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sai c\u00e1ch. Bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf k\u00ea thu\u1ed1c sai (Sai li\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c sai th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng)<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao (h\u1ebft thu\u1ed1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb)<\/li>\n<li>Thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng (MDR-TB) x\u1ea3y ra khi vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 isoniazid v\u00e0 rifampin, hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t. Lao si\u00eau kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c (XDR -TB) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, trong \u0111\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n lao c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 isoniazid v\u00e0 rifampin, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 fluoroquinolone (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eam (t\u1ee9c amikacin, kanamycin ho\u1eb7c capreomycin).<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp M. tuberculosis ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 lao nh\u1ea1y ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh lao qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i ho\u1eb7c tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, bedaquiline v\u00e0 delamanid, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. WHO \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi n\u00e0y. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia, WHO \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh g\u00f3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f4d25b;\"><b>Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecf li\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac\/nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Do vi khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi khu\u1ea9n lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e2y lan khu\u1ea9n lao kh\u00e1ng trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng (xem Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh lao). N\u00f3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, thay v\u00ec ch\u1edd h\u1ecd \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i theo ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng lao b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c (DST).<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #f4d25b; text-decoration: underline;\">Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh lao<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng (MDR-TB) v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba MDR-TB l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3(<a href=\"http:\/\/sentinel-project.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Proceedings-on-delivery-of-preventive-therapy-in-DR-TB-contacts.pdf\">b\u00e1o c\u00e1o<\/a> t\u1eeb Trung t\u00e2m Y t\u1ebf Y khoa Harvard v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u-Dubai). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba MDR-TB kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.isrctn.com\/ISRCTN92634082\">TB-CHAMP<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT03568383\">PHEONIx<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/anzctr.org.au\/Trial\/Registration\/TrialReview.aspx?id=369817\">V-QUIN<\/a>), v\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a WHO v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4582346 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-full_width elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4582346\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-590e5a2\" data-id=\"590e5a2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4cf9a5e elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4cf9a5e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e965420\" data-id=\"e965420\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c143f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0c143f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"333\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/negative-space-busy-streets-of-shanghai-china-768x1152-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-awsm_team size-awsm_team wp-image-5369\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f76ff05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f76ff05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c22d6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c22d6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong n\u0103m 2017, 10 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 1,6 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft v\u00ec c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 0,3 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV). S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ca m\u1eafc lao m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (62% ca m\u1eafc m\u1edbi), ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u Phi (25% ca m\u1eafc m\u1edbi).<\/p>\n<p>Trong n\u0103m 2017, 87% c\u00e1c ca m\u1eafc lao m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i 30 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao cao. T\u00e1m qu\u1ed1c gia chi\u1ebfm hai ph\u1ea7n ba c\u00e1c ca m\u1eafc lao m\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m: \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Indonesia, Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh v\u00e0 Nam Phi. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 16 trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 13 trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng 3 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf \u201cb\u1ecf s\u00f3t\u201d m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh lao m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m, nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 qua \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong b\u1ea3y n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00edch l\u0169y qua m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. <\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao gi\u1ea3m \u1edf m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 2% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m 4 &#8211; 5% \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1n m\u1ed1c 2020 c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t B\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ac62a9 elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7ac62a9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a66179\" data-id=\"6a66179\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b9a394e elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b9a394e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f75c0c4\" data-id=\"f75c0c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb77e5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cb77e5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f790c28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f790c28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong n\u0103m 2017, 10 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 1,6 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft v\u00ec c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 0,3 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV). S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ca m\u1eafc lao m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (62% ca m\u1eafc m\u1edbi), ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u Phi (25% ca m\u1eafc m\u1edbi).<\/p>\n<p>Trong n\u0103m 2017, 87% c\u00e1c ca m\u1eafc lao m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i 30 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao cao. T\u00e1m qu\u1ed1c gia chi\u1ebfm hai ph\u1ea7n ba c\u00e1c ca m\u1eafc lao m\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m: \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Indonesia, Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh v\u00e0 Nam Phi. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 16 trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 13 trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng 3 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf \u201cb\u1ecf s\u00f3t\u201d m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh lao m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m, nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 qua \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong b\u1ea3y n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00edch l\u0169y qua m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. <\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao gi\u1ea3m \u1edf m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 2% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m 4 &#8211; 5% \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1n m\u1ed1c 2020 c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t B\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ece268\" data-id=\"0ece268\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1d3dae elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d1d3dae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-311b5f6 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-full_width elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"311b5f6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-52bc789\" data-id=\"52bc789\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-52d964e elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52d964e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a16cd2\" data-id=\"3a16cd2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ce30a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c3ce30a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Copy-of-Picture146.jpg\" class=\"attachment-awsm_team size-awsm_team wp-image-5371\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00c0615 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"00c0615\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d52933 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d52933\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2014, ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cho <i>End TB Strategy<\/i> sau n\u0103m 2015 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m 80% t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao, 90% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1eed vong do lao, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111a chi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn &#8222;to\u00e0n n\u0103ng&#8220; v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u00e2y v\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh lao. <\/p>\n<p>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 ra ba tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 1: T\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 2: Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 3: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2287 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Screenshot-2020-03-06-at-5.26.17-AM-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"870\" height=\"1046\"><\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng 4 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong m\u1ed7i tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u1edf c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u1ec1 <i>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c K\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1ec7nh lao to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/strategy\/en\/\">t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-66ab055 elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"66ab055\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c18235\" data-id=\"7c18235\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-be6770c elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"be6770c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-17ba2ca\" data-id=\"17ba2ca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c600624 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c600624\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d093ed0\" data-id=\"d093ed0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d281b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2d281b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-pafe-scroll-box-with-custom-scrollbar=\"\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3350039 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3350039\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2014, ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cho <i>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c K\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1ec7nh lao to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/i> sau n\u0103m 2015 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m 80% t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao, 90% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1eed vong do lao, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111a chi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn &#8222;to\u00e0n n\u0103ng&#8220; v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u00e2y v\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh lao. <\/p>\n<p>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 ra ba tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 1: T\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 2: Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t 3: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2287 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Screenshot-2020-03-06-at-5.26.17-AM-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"870\" height=\"1046\"><\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng 4 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong m\u1ed7i tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u1edf c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u1ec1 <i>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c K\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1ec7nh lao to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/strategy\/en\/\">t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ec7nh lao (TB) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Vi khu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eadn, c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u00e3o. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n lao \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/?page_id=6696&#038;lang=vi\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">Weiterlesen &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh lao<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6696"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6696"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6696\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7150,"href":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6696\/revisions\/7150"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tbhilfe.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6696"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}